氢氧化钾是白色粉末或片状固体，具有强碱性和腐蚀性，容易吸收空气中的水分和潮解，并吸收二氧化碳形成碳酸钾。用作干燥剂和吸收剂，用于制造草酸和钾盐，也用于电镀、雕刻和平版印刷。氢氧化钾的合成原理是什么呢，今天，让我们来介绍一下它的合成原理。
Potassium hydroxide is a white powder or flake solid with strong alkalinity and corrosivity. It is easy to absorb moisture and deliquescence in the air and absorb carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate. It is used as desiccant and absorbent, in the manufacture of oxalic acid and potassium salt, as well as electroplating, engraving and lithography. What is the synthetic principle of potassium hydroxide? Today, let's introduce its synthetic principle.
一、用隔膜电解法制备汞电解电解液。在电解室中，石墨(或金属)用作阳极，汞用作阴极。电解产生的氯气送至氯气干燥工序，产生的钾汞齐流入溶汞室。大部分未反应的氢氧化钾在淡盐水状态下处理，然后返回原料溶解过程。钾汞合金与清水反应生成氢氧化钾和氢。由于来自溶汞室的产品浓度为45%-50%，可作为液体产品，也可在碱煮锅中蒸熟浓缩成固体碱，或制成片状产品。

1、 Mercury electrolyte was prepared by diaphragm electrolysis. In the electrolytic chamber, graphite (or metal) is used as anode and mercury is used as cathode. The chlorine generated by electrolysis is sent to the chlorine drying process, and the generated potassium amalgam flows into the mercury dissolving chamber. Most of the unreacted potassium hydroxide is treated in light brine and then returned to the raw material dissolution process. Potassium amalgam reacts with clean water to produce potassium hydroxide and hydrogen. Since the concentration of products from the mercury dissolving chamber is 45% – 50%, they can be used as liquid products, steamed and concentrated into solid alkali in an alkali boiler, or made into sheet products.
二、将隔膜电解法的原料氢氧化钾在溶盐罐中溶解成饱和溶液，加热至90时，分别加入碳酸钾，苛性钾和氯化钡，去除钙、镁、硫酸盐等杂质。将经沉降除渣、盐酸中和、精制后的含280-315克/升的，溶液预热至70-75，电解得到氢氧化钾，氯和氢。隔膜法得到的产品浓度为10%-11%，需要蒸发浓缩，冷却澄清，制成含45%-50%氢氧化钾；的溶液，或在碱煮锅中浓缩，脱色得到固体产品，或压片得到片状氢氧化钾产品。
2、 Dissolve the raw material potassium hydroxide of the diaphragm electrolysis method into a saturated solution in the salt dissolving tank. When heated to 90, add potassium carbonate, caustic potassium and barium chloride respectively to remove impurities such as calcium, magnesium and sulfate. The solution containing 280-315 g / L after sedimentation, slag removal, hydrochloric acid neutralization and refining is preheated to 70-75 and electrolyzed to obtain potassium hydroxide, chlorine and hydrogen. The concentration of the product obtained by the diaphragm method is 10% – 11%, which needs to be evaporated, concentrated, cooled and clarified to make it contain 45% – 50% potassium hydroxide; Or concentrated in an alkali boiler and decolorized to obtain solid products, or pressed to obtain flake potassium hydroxide products.
另外工业加工的是电解氢氧化钾的水溶液，由于比氢氧化钠更难脱水，商品纯度只能达到85%到86%。如果需要纯化，可以用与氢氧化钠相同的方法进行。
In addition, the industrial processing is the aqueous solution of electrolytic potassium hydroxide. Because it is more difficult to dehydrate than sodium hydroxide, the purity of the commodity can only reach 85% to 86%. If purification is required, it can be carried out in the same way as sodium hydroxide.