氢氧化钾这是一种化学的物质，为一种具有强腐蚀性的强碱，一般为片状或颗粒形态，易溶于水，在高温下对碳钠也有腐蚀作用。与氯、溴、碘等卤素发生歧化反应，与酸类起中和作用而生成盐和水。大家知道氢氧化钾为白色半透明结晶状固体，其水溶液有涩味和滑腻感。氢氧化钾是生产聚碳酸酯，超级吸收质聚合物，沸石，环氧树脂，磷酸钠，亚硫酸钠和大量钠盐的重要原材料之一。但是由于本身的特性很容易变质，那大家知道如何来检测它变质的方法呢？接下来就给大家来具体讲解一下吧。
　　Potassium hydroxide is a chemical substance, a strong caustic alkali, generally in the form of flakes or particles, soluble in water, and corrosive to sodium carbonate at high temperature. Disproportionation reactions occur with halogens such as chlorine, bromine and iodine, and neutralize with acids to form salt and water. It is known that potassium hydroxide is a white translucent crystalline solid with astringent and slippery taste in its aqueous solution. Potassium hydroxide is one of the important raw materials for the production of polycarbonate, super absorbent polymer, zeolite, epoxy resin, sodium phosphate, sodium sulfite and large amount of sodium salt. But because its own characteristics are easy to deteriorate, how do you know how to detect its deterioration? Next, I'll give you a detailed explanation.
　　NaOH变质后会生成Na?CO?
　　NaOH metamorphoses into Na? CO?
　　化学方程式：2NaOH+CO?=Na?CO?+H?O
　　Chemical equation: 2Na O H+CO?=Na?CO?+H?O?
　　一、样品中滴加澄清石灰水，若有白色沉淀生成，则氢氧化钾变质。
　　1. The sample is dripped with clarified limewater. If white precipitation occurs, potassium hydroxide will deteriorate.
　　原理：Na?CO?+Ca(OH)?=CaCO?↓+2NaOH
　　Principle: Na?CO?+Ca(OH)?= CaCO?+2NaOH
　　二、样品中滴加过量稀盐酸若有气泡产生，则氢氧化钾变质。
　　2. Potassium hydroxide deteriorates when excessive dilute hydrochloric acid is added to the sample and bubbles are formed.
　　原理：2HCl+Na?CO?=2NaCl+CO?↑+H?O
　　Principle: 2HCl+Na?CO?= 2NaCl+CO?+H?O?
　　（空气中含有少量的CO?，而敞口放置的NaOH溶液能够与CO?反应，生成Na?CO?和H?O从而变质；HCl中的H+能够与Na?CO?中的CO32-离子反应生成CO?气体和H?O，通过气泡产生这个现象来检验变质）
　　(There is a small amount of CO in the air, and the open Na O H solution can react with CO? To produce Na? CO? And H? O, which can deteriorate; H + in HCl can react with CO32 – ions in Na? CO? To produce CO? Gas and H? O, which can be detected by bubble formation.)
　　注：HCl会优先与NaOH反应生成NaCl和H?O。因为NaOH是强碱，而Na?CO?是水溶液显碱性。
　　Note: HCl reacts preferentially with NaOH to produce NaCl and H?O. Because NaOH is strong base, and Na? CO? Is alkaline in aqueous solution.

　　三、样品中加氯化钡，若有白色沉淀生成，则氢氧化钾变质。
　　3. If barium chloride is added to the sample and white precipitation is formed, potassium hydroxide will deteriorate.
　　原理：Na?CO?+BaCl?=BaCO?↓+2NaCl
　　Principle: Na? CO?+BaCl?= BaCO?+2NaCl
　　四、检验氢氧化钾部分变质：
　　IV. Inspection of partial deterioration of potassium hydroxide:
　　1、加入过量BaCl?或Ba（NO?）2至完全沉淀，证明有Na?CO?产生，待沉淀完全静止后，取上层清液于试管内，滴加无色酚酞溶液，酚酞变红，则证明有NaOH。
　　1. Adding excessive BaCl? Or Ba (NO?) 2 to complete precipitation proves that Na? CO? Is produced. When the precipitation is completely stationary, the supernatant is taken into the test tube, and the colorless phenolphthalein solution is dripped, and the phenolphthalein turns red, which proves that NaOH exists.
　　注：不滴加NH?Cl，因为Na?CO?溶于水后呈碱性是因为会有OHˉ根离子，NH?+与OHˉ跟结合也会有刺激性气味，无法区分是原有氢氧化钾导致还是碳酸钠导致。
　　Note: No NH? Cl is added, because Na? CO? Is alkaline after dissolving in water because of the presence of OH radical ions, and the combination of NH?+ and OH also has a stimulating odor. It is impossible to distinguish between the original potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate.
　　2、在NaOH中加入过量CaCl2：1.若有白色沉淀生成，则说明NaOH变质2.加入无色酚酞，若无色酚酞不变色，则说明完全变质。若无色酚酞变红，说明部分变质。
　　2. Adding excessive CaCl2:1 to NaOH. If white precipitation is formed, NaOH will deteriorate. 2. Adding colorless phenolphthalein, if colorless phenolphthalein does not change, it will completely deteriorate. If the colorless phenolphthalein turns red, it indicates partial deterioration.
　　大家在了解了上述关于氢氧化钾的变质检测方法，对于这种成份大家可以作为了解避免错误的使用会带来很大的影响，对于氢氧化钾如果大家想要了解更多的咨询可以咨询我们，希望大家能学会并且可以尝试检测一下。可以用于。用于造纸、肥皂、染料、人造丝、制铝、石油精制等等行业。
　　We are all aware of the above deterioration detection methods for potassium hydroxide, which can be used as an understanding of how to avoid the wrong use of potassium hydroxide will have a great impact. For potassium hydroxide, if you want to know more about the consultation, you can consult us, I hope you may learn and try to test it. It can be used. Used in papermaking, soap, dyes, rayon, aluminium, petroleum refining and other industries.