无机工业用作生产钾盐,如高锰酸钾、亚硝酸钾、磷酸氢二钾等的原料。日化工业用作制造钾肥皂、洗污肥皂、洗头软皂、雪花膏、冷霜、洗发膏等的原料。制药工业用于制造黄体酮、香兰素等原料。染料工业用于制造三聚氰胺染料。电池工业用于制造碱性蓄电地。
The inorganic industry is used as raw materials for the production of potassium salts, such as potassium permanganate, potassium nitrite, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, etc. The daily chemical industry is used as raw materials for making potassium soap, washing soap, shampoo soap, cream, cold cream, shampoo, etc. Pharmaceutical industry is used to manufacture raw materials such as progesterone and vanillin. The dye industry is used to make melamine dyes. The battery industry is used to make alkaline storage areas.
用作皂化试剂、二氧化碳和水分的吸收剂,分析试剂,碱性剂;可用作制品发色剂,冶金加热剂和皮革脱脂等方面;用作干燥剂、吸收剂,还用于电镀、雕刻、石印术等;
It can be used as saponification reagent, carbon dioxide and water absorbent, analytical reagent, alkaline agent, product coloring agent, metallurgical heating agent and leather degreasing agent, desiccant, absorbent, electroplating, carving, lithography, etc;
氢氧化钾可从电解高纯度的氯化钾水溶液制得。所用的电解槽形式以及生产过程类似氢氧化钠。使用隔膜电解槽时,所得的电解液含有10%~15%(质量)的氢氧化钾和约10%(质量)的氯化钾。经蒸发、浓缩、冷却,大部分的氯化钾结晶析出,分离后得到含氢氧化钾45%~50%的产品(含氯化钾0.6%)。
Potassium hydroxide can be obtained by electrolysis of high purity aqueous potassium chloride solution. The type of electrolyzer used and the production process are similar to sodium hydroxide. When the diaphragm electrolyzer is used, the obtained electrolyte contains 10% – 15% (mass) potassium hydroxide and about 10% (mass) potassium chloride. After evaporation, concentration and cooling, most of the potassium chloride crystallizes and precipitates. After separation, the product containing 45% – 50% potassium hydroxide (containing 0.6% potassium chloride) is obtained.
采用水银电解法可以制得高纯度的氢氧化钾,但应控制氯化钾水溶液中重金属杂质的含量在0.1ppm以下,以免氯气中含氢过高。采用离子膜电解法须使用专用的离子交换膜。氢氧化钾比氢氧化钠难于脱水。工业固体氢氧化钾的纯度为88%~92%,固体有块状和片状两种。液体氢氧化钾有45%和50%两种浓度规格。
High purity potassium hydroxide can be produced by mercury electrolysis, but the content of heavy metal impurities in the aqueous solution of potassium chloride should be controlled below 0.1ppm to avoid high hydrogen content in chlorine gas. Special ion exchange membrane must be used for the ion-exchange membrane electrolysis. Potassium hydroxide is more difficult to dehydrate than sodium hydroxide. The purity of industrial solid potassium hydroxide is 88% – 92%. There are two kinds of solid: block and sheet. Liquid potassium hydroxide has two concentration specifications of 45% and 50%.